What is a Vehicle Snorkel?
A snorkel is a device that raises the air intake of your vehicle's engine. Instead of drawing air from within the engine bay, it takes in air from a higher point, usually at roof level. This helps to feed your engine cooler and cleaner air, which improves performance for your 4x4.
Snorkels are important for off-road driving. When you drive on dusty tracks or through water, a snorkel prevents dust, dirt, and water from entering your engine. This protects the engine from damage and helps it run more efficiently.
In simple terms, a snorkel is like a breathing tube for your vehicle. It ensures your engine gets the best air possible, no matter the conditions you're driving in. Whether you're crossing rivers or tackling dusty outback trails, a snorkel is a valuable addition to your 4x4.
Types of Snorkels: Stainless Steel vs Plastic Snorkels
When it comes to 4x4 snorkels, there are mainly two types to consider: plastic (polyethylene) snorkels and stainless steel snorkels. Each type has its own benefits and drawbacks, depending on what you need for your vehicle.
Plastic Snorkels
Plastic snorkels are the most common type you’ll see on 4x4s. These snorkels are made from durable polyethylene, which is resistant to UV damage and harsh weather conditions. Plastic snorkels are also lightweight, making them easier to install. They come pre-moulded to fit specific vehicle models, ensuring a snug fit that looks sleek against the body of your 4x4. These snorkels are also more affordable compared to stainless steel options.
Stainless Steel Snorkels
Stainless steel snorkels are the premium option for 4x4 enthusiasts. They are known for their strength and durability, able to withstand more physical damage from branches and debris while off-roading. Stainless steel snorkels often come in either a powder-coated black or a polished silver finish, offering a more stylish and modern look. While they are generally more expensive and heavier than plastic snorkels, their robustness and long-term durability can be worth the extra cost.
Choosing Between the Two: The choice between plastic and stainless steel snorkels depends on your specific needs and budget. If you’re looking for an affordable, easy-to-install option, plastic snorkels are a great choice. They provide excellent protection and durability for most off-road conditions. On the other hand, if you often find yourself in rougher terrains or want a snorkel that can handle more abuse, stainless steel snorkels might be the better option.
Both plastic and stainless steel snorkels serve the same purpose of providing clean and cool air to the engine. Your choice will depend on factors like budget, installation ease, and the level of durability you need.
Why put a snorkel on your vehicle?
A snorkel is essential for anyone serious about off-roading. It protects your engine, improves performance, and allows you to tackle tough conditions with ease. To sum it up:
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Cleaner Air for Your Engine: Off-road tracks are often dusty. A snorkel draws air from a higher point, usually at roof level, where the air is cleaner. This reduces the amount of dust and dirt entering your engine, which helps it run smoother and last longer.
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Protection During Water Crossings: If you love tackling river crossings, a snorkel is a must. It prevents water from entering the engine. Without a snorkel, even shallow water can cause engine damage. A snorkel lets you drive through water with confidence, knowing your engine is protected.
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Improved Engine Performance: Engines perform best with cool, clean air. A snorkel ensures your engine gets a steady supply of this air, which can improve performance and fuel efficiency. This is true whether you’re driving through the city or the outback.
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Reduced Maintenance: By keeping dust and water out of your engine, a snorkel greatly reduces contaminants entering your airbox and in turn extends the life of your air filter. This means fewer breakdowns and lower maintenance costs. It’s a small investment that can save you a lot in the long run.
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Enhanced Off-Road Capability: A snorkel boosts your 4x4’s off-road capabilities. It’s not just about water crossings; it also helps in dusty deserts and muddy trails. With a snorkel, your vehicle is ready for any terrain.
What are the disadvantages of a snorkel on a 4WD?
One of the main disadvantages of a snorkel on a 4WD is the cost. Snorkels can be expensive. The initial purchase price, along with professional installation costs, can add up.
Another disadvantage is the installation complexity. Installing a snorkel isn't a simple DIY task for most people. It often requires cutting into the vehicle's bodywork, which can be a scary thing. Incorrect installation can lead to leaks or damage to the vehicle. Professional installation is recommended, which adds to the overall cost.
Snorkels can also affect the vehicle's aerodynamics. A snorkel protrudes from the side of the vehicle, which can create additional wind resistance and potentially affect fuel efficiency on long highway drives. The impact is usually minimal, but it’s something to consider if you do a lot of high-speed driving.
The aesthetics of a snorkel might not appeal to everyone. Some people find the look of a snorkel unappealing, as it changes the vehicle's appearance. While many off-road enthusiasts appreciate the rugged look, it’s a matter of personal preference.
Maintenance can be another concern. A snorkel system includes components that need to be checked regularly to ensure they’re free of debris and properly sealed. Failing to maintain the snorkel can lead to issues with water or dust ingress, negating the benefits the snorkel provides.
Noise is another potential drawback. Some snorkels, particularly stainless steel models, can increase the intake noise. This is especially noticeable when the vehicle is under load. While some drivers enjoy the added engine sound, others may find it intrusive.
Installing a 4x4 Snorkel
Installing a snorkel for your 4x4 can be a bit of a challenge. It’s not as simple as just bolting it on. The process usually involves cutting into the vehicle’s bodywork. This can be intimidating, especially if you’re not experienced with car modifications. Most snorkel kits come with a template to guide you on where to cut and drill. These are the general steps involved when installing a snorkel.
Before you start, it's important to gather all the necessary tools. You’ll need a drill, a hole saw, and a variety of wrenches and screwdrivers. The snorkel kit should include all the bolts, clamps, and hoses you need. Follow the instructions carefully to ensure a proper fit.
The first step is usually to remove the vehicle's fender liner. This gives you access to the area where the snorkel will be mounted. Next, use the template to mark the spots where you’ll need to cut and drill. Double-check the measurements before making any cuts to avoid mistakes.
Once you’ve made the necessary cuts and prepped the raw surfaces, you can start mounting the snorkel. Attach the snorkel body to the side of the vehicle using the supplied hardware. Make sure it’s securely fastened and sits flush against the body. Connect the snorkel to the vehicle’s air intake system with the provided hoses and clamps. It's crucial to ensure all connections are airtight to prevent water and dust from entering the engine.
Sealing the snorkel properly is vital. Use silicone sealant at all joints and connections to ensure a watertight fit. This step is particularly important if you plan on driving through water. Any leaks can allow water to enter the engine, causing serious damage.
After the snorkel is installed, check everything thoroughly. Make sure all bolts are tight and all seals are secure. It’s a good idea to test the snorkel before heading away on a trip to avoid any unexpected issues.
While installing a snorkel yourself can save money, it’s not for everyone. If you’re not confident in your abilities, consider having it installed by a professional. This can give you peace of mind knowing the job is done right and your engine is protected.
Does a snorkel change the sound of your car?
Yes, a snorkel can change the sound of your car. When you install a snorkel, it alters the way air flows into your engine. This can lead to a noticeable change in noise, especially when you accelerate under load.
Stainless Steel Snorkels: These snorkels often amplify the intake noise. The sound is more pronounced, especially at higher speeds or when the engine is under load. Some drivers like this added roar, as it gives the vehicle a more rugged feel. However, it can be intrusive for those who prefer a quieter ride.
Plastic Snorkels: These tend to be quieter than their stainless steel counterparts. The material absorbs some of the noise, resulting in a softer intake sound. If you're sensitive to noise or prefer a more subdued driving experience, a plastic snorkel might be a better choice.
The position of the snorkel head also affects the noise. A forward-facing snorkel head can direct more air into the engine, decreasing engine noise. While a rear facing snorkel head like most stainless snorkel forces air to travel over the snorkel and back in creating a much louder intake noise.
Deep water crossing
Deep water crossings can be a thrilling part of any off-road adventure, but they come with risks. Proper preparation is key to ensure your 4x4 can handle it safely.
A snorkel is a must-have for deep water crossings. It give your engine raised air intake to roof level, so your engine breathes clean, dry air instead of water. Without a snorkel, water can enter the engine, leading to serious damage.
Waterproofing other parts of your vehicle is also crucial. Petrol engines need the ignition system sealed to keep water out. Modern cars with coil packs are usually well-sealed, but it’s always good to check.
Raising the differential and gearbox breathers is another important step. Extend these breathers to a high, dry spot like the top of the engine bay to prevent water from entering your gear oil, which can cause issues.
Before attempting a crossing, always check the water depth. Never cross water higher than your hood, and avoid fast-moving water deeper than your axle height. If the conditions look risky, it's better to find another route.
With these precautions, your vehicle will be better equipped to handle deep water crossings safely. Proper preparation allows you to enjoy the adventure without unnecessary risks.
What happens if water gets into your snorkel?
If water gets into your snorkel, it can be a serious issue. A snorkel is designed to keep water out of your engine, but if water does manage to enter, it can lead to significant problems.
Water Ingress: When water enters the snorkel, it can travel down into the air intake system. From there, it can reach the engine. Engines are designed to compress air, not water. If water enters the cylinders, it can cause the engine to hydrolock. This is when the engine's pistons can't compress the water, potentially this leads to damage or even complete failure.
Proper installation is vital to prevent water ingress. Ensure all connections are airtight and use high-quality sealant.
How do snorkels work in the rain?
Snorkels are designed to handle all sorts of weather, including rain. When it rains, the snorkel ensures your engine still gets clean, dry air.
Many snorkels come with an air ram head. This head uses the vehicle's forward motion to push air into the snorkel. The air ram has a special design that helps separate rainwater from the air. As air enters, the rainwater is deflected to the sides and expelled through small drain holes. This prevents water from entering the air intake.
Snorkels are also equipped with drainage systems to handle any water that does make it inside. These systems include drain holes or slots positioned strategically to allow water to escape before it reaches the engine. This ensures only clean, dry air is drawn into the engine, even in heavy rain.
Some snorkels can be fitted with pre-filters or rain hats. These accessories provide an extra layer of protection by further filtering out water and debris. They are particularly useful in heavy rain or extremely dusty conditions.
Conclusion
When using a snorkel, regular maintenance is essential. Check all connections and seals frequently to ensure they remain airtight. Replace any worn or damaged parts promptly. This helps maintain the snorkel’s effectiveness and extends its lifespan.
Consider adding a pre-filter or snorkel head if you often drive in heavy rain or dusty conditions. These 4x4 accessories offer extra protection and can improve the snorkel’s performance.
A 4WD snorkel is a valuable addition, especially for those who enjoy off-road adventures. It helps your engine breathe cleaner, cooler air, protects it during water crossings, and can improve overall performance. While there are some drawbacks, such as cost and potential noise, the benefits often outweigh these issues.